递归，查询本级及所有直属上级
SELECT T2.id, T2.name
FROM ( 
    SELECT 
        @r AS _id, 
        (SELECT @r := parent_id FROM tableName WHERE id = _id) AS parent_id, 
        @l := @l + 1 AS lvl 
    FROM 
        (SELECT @r := 5, @l := 0) vars, 
        tableName h 
    WHERE @r <> 0) T1 
JOIN tableName T2 
ON T1._id = T2.id 
ORDER BY T1.lvl DESC;